Pigeon-inspired robot could change the game for drone flight

A team of researchers from Stanford University have developed a winged robot that mimics the way birds fly, hoping to inspire the next generation of flying drones.

The researchers looked at how birds can dynamically alter the shape of their wings during flight, motions unable to be replicated by normal aircraft.

The "PigeonBot", which features real bird feathers, was developed by Stanford University's Bio-Inspired Research & Design (BIRD) lab, led by David Lentink, a trained biologist and aerospace engineer.

Rather than flapping, the PigeonBot's wings use a morphing technique like real bird wings, along with a propeller and tail.

It features biohybrid morphing wings made with real bird feathers and the joints of the wings can be activated individually.

The team flexed and extended the wings dynamically in a wind tunnel to see how the feathers responded to aerodynamic loading.

They found that bird feathers contain tiny microstructures that form a one-way, velcro-type material that resists sliding in one direction.

This is known as "directional velcro".

This 'nature's own velcro' effect is exclusive to certain birds, including bald eagles, California condors and the humble pigeon.

Birds such as barn owls have wings where the feathers can separate, leaving a gap that is less-than-aerodynamic, whereas pigeon feathers include this latch-hook system, keeping the feathers in place.

The team hopes that the morphing ability of PigeonBot could pave the way for creating more agile forms of aircraft and help shape the future of drone design.